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9th-11th century This was the Viking Age. Swedish adventurers in long ships traded, looted and colonized all the coasts of the Baltic Sea. |
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12th-15th century
This was Sweden's medieval period. It was created from a loose federation of provinces and was named "Sweden". It became part of the Catholic European cultural sphere. In 1397, Sweden united with Denmark and Norway under Queen Margareta. This union lasted until early in the16th century.
16th century
Sweden left the union with Denmark and Norway, under the leadership of King Gustav Vasa. He created a strong central government and made Protestantism the State religion.
17th century
Sweden became a major power in Europe, partly through participation in the 30-Year's War. Leading monarchs: Gustaf Adolf II and Carl Gustaf X.
18th century
Sweden's status as a major power disappears with the defeat of Karl XII by Russia and several other countries. Toward the end of the century, culture flourished in Sweden, under the leadership of King Gustaf III.
19th century
Sweden enters the age of Industrial Revolution. Sweden experiences mass emigration, the workers' union movement, and the process of democracy.
20th century
Sweden stayed neutral during two World Wars. This enabled Sweden to change from one of the poorest countries in Europe, into a modern welfare state.
